APA citation question

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate APA in-text citation?


1. Bentham and Kerman (2011) found elevated rates of heart disease in Hamilton.


2. Researchers based at McMaster University found elevated rates of heart disease (Bentham & Kerman, 2011).


3. One of the first studies on the subject (Bentham & Kerman, 2011) revealed higher rates of heart disease in Hamilton.


4. In 2011, Bentham & Kerman found increased rates of heart disease in Hamilton.