What is the concept of optimization

Can someone please explain (if possible in their own words) the concept of optimization. Whatever information you give will be greatly appreciated and I thank everyone on here for being helpful, thanks guys :-)

Optimization is simply maximizing the benefit while minimizing the effort. It's finding the most efficient method.

Optimization is a techeniqe to get best possible design with respect to your
limited expenditure on designed product.

Optimization is the process of promoting a website to get high ranking in major search engines. For this you have to optimize your website according to the search engine guidelines. This can termed as SEO in which there is two phase, first step is On-page optimization in which keyword research, meta tag optimization, interlinking of web pages.
After that Off-page optimization comes into picture which includes the link building process. Link building is the process of creating high quality backlinks for a website which is most important factor to get top ranking in search engine result pages.